LED lights - a luxurious lighting fixture and decoration of any interior. Often during their operation, they break. This happens for various reasons: from violation of the rules of work to low quality products. Depending on the type of breakdown, LED chandelier repair or replacement is required.
Design and basic operation
LED lights - an electric arc ignited in a vacuum at the p-n junction boundary. By controlling the voltage, it is possible to regulate the light of the arc. By design, the chandeliers include a mounting unit with a control unit, a radio receiver, a lighting segment, a remote control, and decor. In addition, often musical instruments with speakers and band lighting are built into the instruments.
The mounting assembly includes a bracket with a cross, the control unit includes controllers with printed circuit boards and wires, and the lighting segment includes lampholders with sockets for LEDs.
Why do fixtures fail?
Most often, the luminaires stop working due to violations of the rules and recommendations for the operation of the device, overheating of the equipment, partial or complete burnout of the diode, improper compatibility of materials (do not install LED lights inside the suspended ceiling), high voltage surges and burnout of the capacitor, technical violations when connecting devices to the network .
Failures also occur due to a short circuit, incorrect installation, errors in the construction of the electrical circuit and the poor quality of the product itself.
In order to assess and determine the degree of damage to the lamp, you need to look at its structural parts visually. You need to make sure that the board is in good working order before you build it back, as well as in the work of rations, the absence of soot with the melting of the elements. If there are no deformations, you need to look for the cause of the malfunction using a tester and a multimeter.
Types of breakdowns and their causes
To make a repair of LED ceiling lights with your own hands, you need to study the main types of breakdowns and the factors of their appearance.
If the remote does not respond touch away / close and it’s not a matter of batteries at all, the following possible causes of the malfunction: breakdown of the remote control due to clogged contacts that need alcohol cleaning; dysfunction of the poor-quality Chinese device, requiring its complete replacement; poor operation of the device relay.
If the remote control works from the third or fifth attempt, reacts to touch only near, which means that the case is a bad relay that needs to be replaced, interrupted by the LED loop as a result of the lack of contact or its melting. Also, the cause may be a breakdown of the lamp control unit. Often, repairing chandeliers with a remote control is limited to installing better batteries.
Fixed switch fails as a result of oxidation of wires, malfunction of the transformer, improperly selected electrical circuits, regular surges in the network, overheating and overvoltage. Often the cause of the phenomenon is a poor-quality switch and improper operation of the device.
LEDs with lights do not light due to a failure or failure of the power supply, the LEDs and lamps themselves, burnout.Also, sometimes the problem is a network failure, high voltage, overheating of the device and low-quality lighting devices. In any of these cases, a complete replacement is required.
LED chandelier does not turn on due to poor connection, poor wiring, which failed at the level of the device itself or near the switch. Also, the problem is the lack of checking the operation of the lamp before buying - a factory defect is possible. Sometimes the reason lies in the malfunction of the remote control.
Preparation for repair of LED devices
Preparing to fix an LED chandelier involves following these simple steps:
- Creating electrical insulation for each tool. It is strictly forbidden to use pliers or pincers with bare handles.
- Disconnecting and removing the chandelier from the mains power using a screwdriver, pliers, a knife and other improvised tools.
- Search for problems by visual inspection and a multimeter.
When preparing for the repair of a chandelier with a control panel, it is also important to resort to the operating instructions of the device. This is important for the subsequent correct connection of the contacts and faster detection of the problem.
Visual inspection
When carrying out a visual inspection before fixing the chandelier, it is important to understand its design and operating features. Complex lighting fixtures, for example, raster ones, contain drivers and lamps of various types, and some other varieties contain an antenna with several control units.
The sequence of repair of LED street lights will directly depend on the design features of the product. Therefore, prior to inspection and repair, it is important to study the instructions for detecting control units and subsequent repair.
Checking the lamp LED circuit
To check the circuit of the lamp LEDs, you can take a jumper and alternately install it between the contacts of each diode with tweezers. In the absence of a jumper, you can connect the lamp to the network, take any wire and strip both ends by tinning the contacts. Then close the contacts of the burned-out LED and observe the reaction. If the device does not catch fire, several diodes may have burned out.
If there are more than 10 diodes in the circuit, you can not replace a burned-out element with a wire or jumper to avoid overloading the coils and burning of the lamps.
Remote control chandelier repair
Failures in the LED lamp most often occurs due to overheating of the matrix. It is easy to repair: you need to remove and disassemble the lamp, finding out the cause of the breakdown. Then you need to find the blown diodes and replace the components. If it is necessary to perform soldering, it is worth studying the diagram of the device. The cause of combustion may be in the controller, antenna or control unit. Then you need to replace the product.
Cooling radiators
Most luminaires have cooling radiators. This is a sign that the device is of high quality. It has a place to remove heat from the radiator. However, the thermal grease needs to be replaced periodically, otherwise the radiator will stop working over time and the board with the unit will burn out. In this case, you will have to change the chandelier.
Do-it-yourself LED strip replacement in the lamp
Replace the LED strip with your own hands in the house is easy. It is important to know how it works, to study the instructions and the scheme of its work. It is also required to have minimal knowledge and skills in electrics. Best of all, training videos will help.
As a rule, you can replace the tape with the following steps:
- Remove and disassemble the lamp.
- Inspect the inside of the structure for defects.
- Replace damaged elements or solder broken contacts.
Additionally, in order to repair and repair the device, it may be necessary to tighten all screws and repack the terminal blocks.
After repair, it is required to check the operation of the device and its contacts.It is important to prevent the capacitor from overloading and not to repair the equipment if there are more than 10 LEDs.
How to unsolder the LED from the pad
To solder the LED from the site, you need to take a thermal tweezers, a shaving blade and a soldering station. First you need to attach the LED strip to the table. For this, double-sided tape is suitable. Then follow these steps:
- Preheat the soldering iron and prepare a half blade.
- Start melting the tin on any terminal of the LED by advancing the blade between the terminal and the printing pad.
- Carefully release the soldering space for the heat-removing substrate without touching the tip of the soldering iron of the case.
- Cut the tin and check the result by ringing all the tracks with the tester.
It is important to prevent damage to the track due to loss of the topology of the picture and possible damage to the entire product. You can also cut it without heating the soldering iron.
Driver schemes for LEDs from 220v network
The simplest scheme for connecting an LED strip to a 220 Volt network includes the values of I total, I led and I vd. The resistance with the power of the resistor depends on the current of the LED. It is calculated according to Ohm's law. Dissipation power is calculated from the same formula.
In the second scheme, the current through the resistor includes the values of L, VD, LED, N. The current passes two times less, which means that four times less power is released. However, under this circuit, you need a diode with a reverse voltage, for example, 1N4007 (KD258).
LED lamp driver repair
If the driver contains small SMD components, for repair you need to take a soldering iron and copper wire, and then identify the burned-out diode and solder it according to the electric circuit. If there is no damage, remove all the elements and ring the tester. After removing the unsuitable element, mount a new one.
Typical malfunctions of LED lamps are problems with the components of the device, overvoltage, overheating, improper operation and installation. Repair is easy. The procedure consists in performing a visual inspection, finding the cause and eliminating it using appropriate instructions.
