The easiest way to build a septic tank on a section of a private house is with concrete rings. The only drawback of the design is the large weight, but this also makes sense. Reinforced concrete sewage is stable, tight, not subject to the effects of soil movements. The price of reinforced concrete sewer wells is the lowest of all available options.
Advantages and disadvantages of reinforced concrete sewer wells
Concrete rings are a very durable material for any sewage system: storm, drainage or fecal. The material does not allow moisture inside, so the soil remains clean. Other advantages of concrete sewage:
- It is possible to choose rings - perforated, solid, with or without a lock.
- Together with the main parts, additional ones are produced - floors, bottom parts, hatches. There are special parts with existing openings for the supply of sewer pipes.
- It is used in different climatic regions due to its high performance properties - concrete is not exposed to high and low temperatures.
- Quickly installed using a construction crane. In one day, you can prepare a pit and put rings.
- Thanks to special iron brackets, a septic tank made of concrete rings can be cleaned.
- The material is chemically resistant to aggressive fluids, so it can be used for any purpose, not only for home autonomous sewage.
- Details are made in such a way as to ensure the most tight fit to each other.
When preparing concrete rings for installation in the ground, it is necessary to ensure an even bottom so that the load is distributed evenly. This will guarantee a long operation. It happened that on one side the soil sagged and the lower ring cracked under the weight of the upper ones.
Application area
Sewer wells are used in autonomous private systems, as well as in urban underground utilities. They can be used to equip a waste processing station in the private sector. In this case, not only standard round parts are used, but also large rectangular containers for biological treatment plants. The cost of such an object is high enough for one person, but for the whole village the price will be moderate, and the issue of water purification for subsequent discharge into local reservoirs without risk of disturbing the ecological situation will be solved.
For the suburban area, concrete products of a small volume are used. If the septic tank is sealed, the contents can be regularly used as an organic fertilizer for the soil. For this, special bacteria-based preparations are used that destroy the smell and turn fecal matter into a useful nutritious fertilizing for plants. Do it in the summer or in the fall.
The use of iron reinforcement in the manufacturing process gives products additional strength. Reinforced concrete structures are used in urban underground utilities located under freeways with increased load and vibrations.
The maximum diameter of the ring is 2 m, the height is 90 cm, but according to the requirements of SNiP, the depth of the sewage should not exceed 2.5 m.If with these parameters the septic tank volume is not enough, you will have to make a two-chamber sewer - one reservoir for waste accumulation with a sealed bottom, the other for a relatively clean liquid without solid particles.
Current installation requirements
SNiP requirements apply to each individual type of well - differential, filtration, inspection, and also sewer storage.
The following conditions must be considered when installing and purchasing materials for a sewer well:
- The volume of a septic tank is determined at the rate of 150 liters per day per person. Water consumption for household appliances is not included.
- It is necessary to exclude sharp turns of the highway. Such areas are potentially hazardous to operate, as they create conditions for clogging. The inlet and outlet nozzles are connected at an obtuse angle of more than 90 degrees. For this, several couplings are used - usually 2 if you need to rotate the pipes at a right angle.
- When cornering, pipes of the same diameter are used and revision shafts are installed.
- For the construction of a sewer well from concrete rings, a special brand of mortar is used - fine-grained concrete. Production technology - vibration.
- To distribute the load and stability, it is necessary to use reinforcement on the sides of the structure and a reinforcing mesh under the bottom of the product.
- Depending on the type of soil, concrete with low or normal permeability is selected.
- Between the house and the septic tank a distance of at least 5 meters is observed.
- From sources of drinking water, a storage septic tank with an open bottom should be located no closer than 25 meters. If the container is tight - the distance does not matter.
Before installation, calculations and marking of all elements of the sewer system on the ground, including the removal of vegetation and objects that interfere with land work, are necessarily carried out.
Types of wells
With the help of concrete rings of various diameters, several types of wells are equipped:
- Accumulative - for the collection and storage of wastewater. Apply the widest products.
- Diversion - settles down at the junction of the home highway with the central, if one is provided. In the private sector, such facilities are not being built.
- Inspection or revision - for installation in critical areas - bends, branches, at the intersection of several pipes. There are ordinary and with the possibility of service. In this case, the diameter in which a person can be and perform work is selected.
- Filtration - designed to store water without harmful chemicals, such as rainwater or sewage from a bathhouse, pool. They differ in that they have perforated walls; as they fill, the liquid flows out through the holes and is absorbed into the soil.
In addition to sewerage, concrete rings are used for the construction of wells if the depth of groundwater is not more than 10 m. A well is constructed at a depth of more than 10 m.
Accessories for reinforced concrete well
In addition to the main details - concrete rings - it is possible to separately purchase:
- bottom;
- manhole cover;
- overlapping wall with a hole for the hatch.
If it is planned to equip additional inspection wells on the site, buy rings of a smaller diameter with a hatch and a cover.
Features and installation rules
After drawing up a plan diagram and marking the site, you can begin to carry out land work.
Stages of the construction of a sewer septic tank from concrete rings:
- Preparation of the pit of the right size. The gaps between the walls of the rings and the pit are about 30 cm.
- If the bottom is planned to be open, the first ring is immediately installed; if tight, first fill the bottom with concrete with a reinforcing mesh. To do this, sand is poured, compacted. A metal mesh is laid and poured with concrete.When it hardens, work is continued and all the rings are installed in turn, using the building level to lay the products evenly.
- After horizontal and vertical alignment, the joints are coated with a water-repellent solution or cement.
- The upper hole is covered with a plate with a hole for the hatch, equipped with a chamfer.
- If you managed to pick up a ring with an opening for the incoming pipe of the desired diameter, it is simply inserted into the septic tank and sealed. If the ring is solid, a hole is made in it before connecting the pipe.
After connecting the pipe and checking the system, you can fill the gaps with sand and earth.
Product Prices
In addition to the price of the materials themselves and additional details, the cost of earthwork is also taken into account: digging a pit for a septic tank and a sewer pipe. Depending on the depth and length, an excavator may be required to complete the work in one day.
It takes into account the brand of concrete, the method of manufacturing products, as well as the size of the rings for sewer wells with a certain wall thickness, the presence of additional devices - brackets for lowering into a septic tank, locks for connecting parts. It is better to order delivery in a store so that concrete structures are not damaged during loading and transportation.
