How to make a country sewerage, if groundwater is close

The proximity of underground sources complicates the arrangement of the sewer system in a private house or cottage and its maintenance. Problems can arise during the installation process, as well as during the further operation of highways and sewage treatment plants. It is worthwhile to figure out how to make an effective sewage system in a private house, if groundwater lies close to the surface.

Danger of proximity to groundwater

Difficulties arise already at the time of laying the pipes and installing the septic tank. The digged trenches and pits are instantly filled with water, so constant pumping is required.

With further use of the system, there is a risk of water seeping into the treatment device. If the tank is not tight enough, for example, consists of concrete rings, it will fill up very quickly. This will require frequent calls from the scavengers. When the tank is full, sewage will begin to flood the bath and toilet.

Overfilling a treatment plant is dangerous:

• the appearance of an unpleasant odor;
• the spread of infection;
• the destruction of the walls of the device.

The soil in the area adjacent to the reservoir will become marshy over time from excess moisture, which will lead to corrosion of the pipes if they are made of metal.

Underground springs are rarely perfectly clean. They contain acidic or alkaline substances, which leads to corrosion of the walls of the tanks and their further deformation. Water pebbles with sharp edges worsen the situation.

Determination of the level of underground sources

Before installing the sewage system, you should find out how close to the surface there are water flows:

• find out from the neighbors;
• analyze what flora grows on the site;
• drill a well.

The first method is the simplest. If someone in the neighborhood has already equipped the local sewage system with their own hands, he will tell you the level of underground sources.

Moisture-loving sedge, cattail, reed, marsh rosemary, and fluffy birch speak of the high location of soil flows. If they grow on the territory, to the aquifer is only half a meter. The meter cannon depth is indicated by the canary, meadowsweet. There, where spruce, heather, blackberry, mouse pea, white brooms, meadow fescue, and UGV about one and a half meters grow.

These two methods give a rough estimate of the location of the subsoil sources. To clarify the situation, drill test wells.

Stages of the work:

1. In two or three places on the site where the installation of sewage is supposed, a well is created with a two-meter drill.
2. They cover the holes with polyethylene so that possible rain does not interfere with the study.
3. On a wooden stick, marks are applied every 10 cm.
4. The measuring tool is lowered into the wells one day after their creation and the moisture level is determined. If the “indicator” is wet at 20 cm, then the subsoil flows are located 180 cm from the surface.

Test drilling is best done in the spring or after heavy rainfall, when the moisture content of the soil is maximum.

Features of installing sewage

For a site with closely spaced water flows, it is better to use the socketless sewerage option. The pipeline itself, as well as the treatment plant, must be airtight. It is recommended to use pipes made of polymer materials that are not subject to corrosion.

Concrete ring structures in this case will not work.But if this is the only option, they should be well waterproofed, fill all joints with concrete solution with hydrophobic additives.

It is better to use plastic tanks to create a country sewerage in an area with a high level of groundwater. They are inexpensive and resistant to moisture. Since such devices are lightweight, after a heavy rainfall or in the spring they can float up and break the entire communication structure. To prevent this from happening, they are fixed to the concrete base using anchors.

It is even better to purchase a factory septic tank with multi-stage wastewater treatment. Such an installation is not cheap, but it pays off with a minimum of time costs for its operation and increased reliability.

For flooded areas, the following brands of finished cleaning devices are suitable:

• "Tank". It consists of several devices made of plastic 1.7 cm thick, which can withstand heavy loads. Does not float when flooded.
• "Triton". Manufacturers offer several options for reliable septic tanks, but they require fixing on a concrete basis.
• "Leopard". The robust design of three chambers with two levels of bio-treatment is suitable for areas with sources close to the surface.
• Ecopan. Recommended for installation in loams and soils prone to heaving. It holds loads well.
• "Tver." Comprehensive cleaning system suitable for wetlands. It brightens effluents well, but requires a source of electricity.

When choosing a finished septic tank for a site with high humidity, you need to check the tightness of the structure, its strength and ease of operation.

The choice of treatment design and installation steps

If you decide not to hire professionals and do not purchase a finished treatment plant, the local sewage system in a private house with a high level of groundwater involves the creation of an airtight cesspool or a multi-chamber bio-septic tank.

Hermetic cesspool

In areas where water flows are close to the surface, it is easiest to install a sealed plastic drive with a hatch for pumping sewage with your own hands. Installation does not have to spend a lot of time and money, but the design will require regular pumping.

It is desirable that the bottom of the structure was at a distance of a meter from the aquifer. If this is not possible, the treatment device is constructed as follows:

1. They dig two holes, one for the size of the tank, the other about 0.5 m deep.
2. A large sealed container is installed and connected by a pipe segment with a second recess.
3. A sewer line is connected to the main tank.
4. An infiltration cassette is installed in the second pit, which will draw in and filter moisture. Or install a pump to pump water into the nearest ditch.

The minus of the cassettes is that in the winter they freeze. Therefore, before installing the device is insulated.

Multi-chamber bioseptic

This option is more expensive, but more efficient. For places where underground sources are not deep, a device with three cameras is suitable. They are also best created on the basis of sealed plastic containers. So that they do not float during operation, they should be anchored to concrete bases at the bottom.

After installing the tanks create an infiltration tunnel located near the surface of the soil.

1. They dig a trench 50 cm deep and 15 cm wide.
2. Create a sand-gravel pillow for drainage at its bottom. Thickness - 30 cm.
3. Lay the infiltration cassettes, connect to the cleaning device and fill it with soil.

After instillation, it is advisable to pour a mound of earth over the tunnel to warm the cassettes in the winter.

Proper installation of sewer highways and a sewage treatment plant will make it possible to use the amenities even for those whose houses and summer cottages are located in swampy, flooded areas.