The problem of wastewater treatment is relevant in the private sector, where there is no way to connect to the central sewage system. We have to call a cesspool machine, which partially solves the issue. But there is still a smell, which is impossible to fight without special means. There are several waste-dissolving agents for country toilets and cesspools — chemical, biological, and antiseptics.
Types of drugs according to the principle of action
To clean cesspools and street toilets, chemical, bacterial agents and antiseptic solutions are used. After some types of preparations, the waste mass must be disposed of, as it poses a threat to wildlife and humans. Biological concentrates are absolutely safe and even used for composting plant debris, which are then used to fertilize the soil. They produce a similar effect with fecal matter.
Chemistry for street toilets and septic tanks
Chemicals are used in septic tanks, where waste flows from the toilet, kitchen and bathroom. They contain impurities of detergents, so they are not suitable for further use.
If on the site the waste from the toilet falls into a separate septic tank, and all other liquids are contained in another, then this is a clear advantage, since they can be treated with different substances.
The main types of chemicals:
- formaldehydes;
- nitrogen substances;
- nitrates;
- chlorine.
Formaldehyde is a broad-spectrum drug that is produced by the oxidation of methane. It performs antiseptic functions, destroying pathogens. It is considered a carcinogen and very harmful to humans. Used rarely.
Ammonium preparations destroy odors well, but after use, the effluents must be disposed of in sedimentation tanks. To do this, you need to order a car and take out the waste. Ammonia are effective in street toilets, but are not suitable for septic tanks, which get water with detergents.
Nitrate oxidizing agents cost more than all of the above, but they are harmless to the environment and humans. Fecal matter turns into a homogeneous liquid, which is suitable for fertilizing the soil. They are conveniently pumped out by car. Preparations are massively used in urban sewers.
Chlorine compounds - odor control products for outdoor toilets and cesspools - leave behind a harsh aroma that can cause choking and allergies. They are used for disinfection.
Antiseptics - principle of action
Universal drugs work at any ambient temperature. They can be used for sewage of any kind - a cesspool, two and three-level septic tanks, and the city system.
Old fecal matter can be dissolved and neutralized only with ammonium preparations. Affect deposits on the walls of pipes and sumps. In a short time eliminate odor.
Minuses:
- water after cleaning can not be used as a technical fluid;
- it is not advisable to use in septic tanks with an open bottom, since chemicals penetrate the soil, and from there into groundwater, which can cause poisoning if there is a drinking well nearby;
- after using antiseptic chemicals, you still need to take out the waste;
- can destroy metal and plastic containers for drains.
Antiseptics are not used to fertilize the soil, since antibacterial substances cause mass death of soil microorganisms and lead to a violation of the fertility and chemical-physical characteristics of the soil.
Bacterial drugs - what's the advantage
Bacterial agents are divided into aerobic and anaerobic. The first microorganisms need oxygen for life. These include most soil bacteria that process plant debris and turn them into humic acids.
Anaerobes do not need oxygen. Moreover, they die in his presence, therefore, such drugs are used for hermetically septic tanks and sewer pipes. Anaerobes work in fecal matter with the release of methane. There is a technology for producing gas, which is then used on the farm, and the processed residues are subsequently used as high-quality fertilizer.
The liquid after processing is not dangerous, therefore, bacterial agents are considered the most environmentally friendly.
Advantages of bacterial cleaners:
- as effective as chemicals, but last longer - eliminate odors and old blockages, degree of purification - 70%;
- safe for plastic, metal containers;
- emit metabolic products that are well absorbed by garden crops and increase productivity;
- over time, bacteria adapt to local conditions and begin to multiply faster, which leads to a more economical use of drugs.
Do not throw antibacterial drugs into the sewers. When using live microorganisms, they all face death.
Disadvantages:
- bacteria work in the warm season, but reduce their activity in the winter;
- die in drains into which water with detergents got, therefore they are suitable only for fecal masses;
- aerobes need air - for this it is necessary to maintain the level of oxygen;
- when using bacterial agents, mineral deposits accumulate at the bottom, which must be periodically pumped out and taken out, as this reduces the volume of the septic tank.
Bacterial drugs are not used in conjunction with or after chemical ones. Aggressive environment kills microorganisms and there will be no cleaning effect.
Bacteria that are not afraid of chemicals
Living microorganisms do not respond well to aggressive additives, but there are strains that can break down soap and detergents. Some of them even dissolve chlorine in small concentrations. This is written on the packaging, therefore, if all the waste of a private house falls into the septic tank, you need a special drug.
The second option is to switch to safe detergents that do not cause the death of microorganisms, as they consist of oils, natural detergent components. Such funds are more expensive, so you need to decide which is better: regularly order a car for pumping out or use harmless chemistry, in order to get more fertilizer for the site.
How to use drugs to clean cesspools
Different drugs are used in different ways: some are poured once a year, others need to be added periodically. The instructions indicate the volume of the septic tank for which the amount of the drug is calculated. When working with chemicals, personal care products must be used, and vapors should not be allowed to enter the respiratory system or the skin.
With biological drugs easier. They are diluted with water and poured into a septic tank. Further work takes place without human intervention.
Aerobes process waste water faster, but subject to good ventilation. Anaerobes turn the masses into sludge, which settles at the bottom, and 70% purified water remains on top.
Names of drugs and their characteristics
Overview of antiseptics for cesspools:
- Dr. Robik is released in several forms.There are drugs of this brand that are resistant to detergents and chlorine. The composition includes 109 types of microorganisms, which allows you to completely dissolve the organic matter, even the most old. Economical: one bottle is enough for 5 cubic meters of stock liquid. It is poured once a year - preferably at a plus temperature.
- Bio-Sept - not suitable for cesspools into which detergents are poured. It copes well with bottom sediments. Effective in the warm season.
- Sanex. Dissolves almost all organics - paper, starch, sewage. Eliminates stench during the day. Before starting, it is necessary to pour the powder with warm water so that the bacteria wake up, then pour into a septic tank.
- Vodogray. A universal remedy that is used for fermentation of manure for its subsequent use. Poured into ponds for cleaning from algae. Cleans pores in the ground in a stock pit, improving drainage.
- Embionic. Vodograi analogue - works in the warm season, suitable for compost pile or pit.
- Eparsil. Used every month for the package. First time - 2 packages.
- Multisan. Safe antiseptic. It is used to deodorize dry closets in the country.
- Tamir A universal biological preparation for converting fecal matter in toilets, composting manure and other organics. Sold as a concentrate.
- Biola. One of the few drugs that are effective at low temperatures.
Bio clover In street toilets use at temperatures above 4 degrees, in closed septic tanks at any time of the year.- Uniback. It releases bacteria resistant to chlorine and soap.
- Micro back ultra. There are several varieties of biological products, some are resistant to chemicals.
- Devonian. A nitrate oxidizing agent that is safe for the environment. If necessary, added to the compost as fertilizer.
- Gudhim. Disinfectant, flavoring. Contains no hazardous chemicals.
- Biotel. Bacterial odor control. It decomposes paper, cellulose, starch and other sparingly soluble substances.
- Bref Not suitable for dry closets. Designed to eliminate odors. Is safe.
Many of the imported and domestic drugs are available in several forms, and also differ in the composition of bacteria. There are products consisting only of aerobes or only of anaerobes. However, most are mixed strains designed for any conditions.
Form types of funds
The industry produces drugs in various forms - tablet, powder and liquid. Each species has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.
Powder products must be diluted with water to activate microflora. They contain bacteria and enzymatic substances that accelerate the growth of microorganisms and their reproduction. The main component is anaerobic bacteria. A kind of powder preparation is granular substances. The manufacturer warns that with improper dilution, the effect of the product can not be expected.
Liquid preparations usually more concentrated. They contain a full range of all types of microorganisms involved in waste processing. Depending on the volume of the cesspool, the required amount is poured out without preliminary preparation. Liquid formulations must not be frozen.
Tablets also do not require preliminary dissolution. Their quantity depends on the size of the septic tank and the amount of wastewater. A variety of tablets - cassettes with microorganisms, soluble bags. The basis is anaerobic microorganisms.
Recommendations for choosing a means for cesspools and toilets
To achieve the result, you can use any drugs, including chemicals. Another thing is if the residents have a garden and you must not allow organic fertilizer to be wasted. In this case, bacteria must be used.In houses of the old construction, where the drains of washing machines and dishwashers do not get into the street toilet, this is quite possible.
Private cottages are usually located in small areas where you can not equip a vegetable garden or garden to grow products for themselves. The septic tank is usually combined, all waste from the house falls into it. Here the choice is possible: with an open day it is better to use biological agents so as not to pollute the groundwater; in a sealed pit, you can use chemistry, but then take it to the settling tanks outside the city limits.
