Not all people have urban sewerage in their summer cottage, so installing a treatment plant (toilet) is an important point. Comfort and sanitary cleanliness, as well as human health, depend on this.
If there is no public sewer
In this case, it is quite simple to solve the problem by installing autonomous toilets. Some models differ in appearance and comfort from the urban toilet. They are used as needed, they are easy to clean and environmentally friendly. But also treatment facilities, which are used constantly, prefer to be installed in dachas, where people live year-round.
Types of toilets
Autonomous latrines can be divided into:
- Separate portable.
- Embedded.
- Stationary
Depending on the processing of organic waste, they are divided into the following types.
Dry closets
They naturally decompose biological and chemical substances, and this process can be accelerated by the addition of certain components, such as peat, activated sludge. But the room where such a treatment plant is installed must be additionally equipped with an exhaust system, which will make the air pleasant and clean. A huge advantage of such toilets is that biological waste is converted into useful organic substances, which are subsequently used as fertilizer. Thus, they bring certain benefits.
Finnish Ecolet
This latrine was given a similar name due to increased environmental safety and sanitary cleanliness. In addition, this model is very practical and easy to maintain. It is a large tank of about 700 liters, which is divided into several compartments. As in dry closets, substances such as peat and so on should also be added here - they contribute to the composting process. In the future, compost can be used as fertilizer in a summer cottage.
The tank is equipped with a rotating mechanism, which greatly facilitates its operation. After filling the first compartment, it is possible to easily replace the next, not filled, and so on - in a circle. According to rough estimates, one section is enough for almost one year for a family of 3 people. In each compartment, the composting process lasts about 3 years, during which time the biological waste is converted into pure compost, which is odorless and requires no additional treatment.
Also, this treatment plant is equipped with an improved air circulation system, which means that natural fertilizer is produced better and more efficiently. The liquid that enters the compartment is not delayed, but leaves through the built-in channel located at the bottom of the section. It then falls into a special unit, thus, does not pollute the environment and does not create unsanitary conditions. In this block, the liquid oxidizes and evaporates, without causing any inconvenience to people or soil. The compartments and fertilizer are replaced as they are unloaded: on average, once a year. For convenience, this design is equipped with a discharge hatch. The Finnish ecolet is a patented model where every little thing is foreseen.
Ecolet (VS)
Outdoor toilet for country and public places. This is a Finnish prototype, with the only difference being that during its installation it is necessary to install a separate wooden structure where there will be a small space under the floor.
But it can also be mounted in the house, provided that this model is installed in a separate room, equipped with a ventilation system and windows that open. The total area of the latrine should be at least 150 * 150 cm, height - from 65 cm. Also, one should not forget about unloading compost: for this it is recommended to make an additional side hole in advance, preferably hidden from the prying eye. This trifle will add aesthetics to the appearance.
Here, the tank volume is up to 650 liters, but this model is equipped with an electric heating system for convenience, which helps to compost even in cold winter weather. This is a clear advantage over the rest.
Dry closet model YV (B)
Designed for a large family of 7 people year-round. The volume of the tank is about 2000 liters, so you can even install several restrooms on different floors.
This model is mounted inside the living room, but it is permissible to use a smaller area than the previous one. The total area of 130 * 130 cm, but a height of 2 meters. It is also necessary to mount a side opening for compost collection.
Ecomatic
The most economical and small option. A great model for a small summer house and a small family. The volume of the tank is up to 100 liters, it contains sawdust and peat. It is an ordinary toilet bowl, where with a light touch of a pen the biological waste is covered with a layer of biomix. Then the process of compost formation will begin.
