The gas boiler room of a private house is necessarily provided with ventilation in accordance with state standards and SNiP. Liquefied and natural gas can cause a fire or explosion, therefore, increased safety requirements are imposed on the room. Compliance with all ventilation standards is mandatory, they should be considered when designing a private house or choosing a room for a boiler room. Read about how to make ventilation in the boiler room correctly in our material.
Do I need ventilation in the gas boiler room
Even a small amount of carbon monoxide can worsen the well-being of residents. Chronic fatigue, headaches and pain in the eyes are the least that people often inhale combustion products feel. Leaks of explosive and flammable fuel are no less dangerous.
Poorly designed ventilation not only threatens the life and health of people, but also reduces the performance of the equipment.
The operation of a gas boiler is possible with a constant supply of oxygen to the boiler and the timely removal of combustion products. With a lack of air, fuel burns worse. By consuming the same amount of gas, the boiler produces less heat in a poorly ventilated room.
A weak exhaust ventilation in a boiler room with a floor gas boiler leads to accumulation of soot and soot inside the equipment, the cross-sections of the air ducts decrease, the draft decreases and some of the combustion products are drawn into the room.
Gas boilers use air from the boiler room. If the boiler room is separated from the main house by wooden leaky doors or old-style windows in it, there is enough air entering through the slots of the frames. But if modern windows and doors are installed, air from outside will not come. When fuel is burned in the room, air will be discharged, and the efficiency of the boiler will decrease. Cinder from the boiler can go to the boiler room and from there to the living rooms. Therefore, you need to think about how to make the boiler room ventilation.
Ventilation requirements in a private house with gas
In addition to the availability of ventilation, special requirements are made to the premises of the gas boiler room.
It is allowed to equip a boiler room:
- in the annex to the cottage;
- in the attic;
- in a separate building;
- in a dedicated room.
If the equipment is designed for liquefied gas, the basement or basement will not work. Liquefied gas has a higher specific gravity than air. Therefore, with leaks, it sinks into the lowest parts of the house and can explode here. This feature of the fuel must be considered before doing ventilation in the boiler room.
Low-power gas boilers (not more than 30 kilowatts) do not require special boiler room equipment, you can hang or install them in the kitchen if the room meets the following requirements for the ventilation of a boiler house in a private house:
- area of 15 square meters. meters;
- ceiling height at least 2 m 20 cm;
- the area of windows is from 3 sq. cm per 1 cubic meter of the volume of the room;
- the window opens or is equipped with a window;
- holes were made in the lower part of the door for air flow from neighboring rooms;
- equipment is installed near a wall of non-combustible material at a distance of not less than 0.1 m.
According to the requirements, forced ventilation in the boiler room in a private house is required. If the power of the equipment is above 30 kilowatts, a separate room of the boiler room is equipped.
Norms of ventilation of a gas boiler in accordance with SNiP
All requirements for ventilation of a gas boiler house are set out in SNiP 2.04.05, II-35.
- There must be ventilation in the gas boiler room, the air outlet is located on the ceiling;
- Near the channel for the chimney one more breaks through, 30 cm below. It serves to clean the chimney;
- Air is supplied from the street through the ventilation duct or from the adjacent room through openings in the lower part of the door;
- The air flow for ventilation is calculated based on the capacity of the boiler:
- influx from the street: per 1 kilowatt of power - from 8 square meters. centimeters of air;
- influx from a neighboring building: per 1 kilowatt of power - from 30 sq. m. centimeters of products.
The rest of the rules for equipping a boiler house in a private house can be found in the relevant regulatory documents.
Natural ventilation with gas boiler
Typically, natural draft is used to ventilate a gas boiler room in a private home. So, with a boiler with a capacity of up to 30 kilowatts, an inlet with a diameter of 15 cm is enough for an inflow. A plastic pipe is inserted into the inlet, outside the entrance is covered with a metal mesh from the penetration of rodents and debris. Inside, the non-return valve is attached to the pipe, which prevents air from drawing into the street.
A range hood is done as well. An umbrella is attached to the upper end of the chimney to prevent rain and snow. Some craftsmen also install a check valve on the exhaust pipe so that air does not enter the house through it.
In order to get clean air directly into the combustion chamber, the supply air duct is arranged behind the fuel compartment. An exhaust pipe is placed directly above the boiler, where combustion products rise.
The given ventilation device of the boiler house of a private house is very simple to execute and in most cases quite efficient. But the system cannot be controlled and this is its main disadvantage. According to SNiP of ventilation in the boiler room, air should be updated three times in an hour. It is impossible to calculate air exchange with a natural boiler ventilation system. In addition, air exchange depends on pressure, outdoor temperature and wind strength.
Chimney for ventilation of a gas boiler
The chimney is one of the most important elements of a competent ventilation device of a boiler house in a private house. Therefore, it is necessary to dwell on its design separately.
SNiP ventilation in the boiler room are designed for chimneys:
- The chimney does not allow gas and burning. No combustion products must enter the air in the boiler room. To increase the tightness of the chimney, some owners plaster it or insert asbestos-cement inside a metal pipe. Its diameter depends on the power of the boiler;
- The chimney pipe must extend beyond the level of the ridge so that the draft is sufficient. The chimney outlet should rise above the ridge of the roof by 2 - 5 meters, otherwise it may leak;
- The diameter of the ventilation chimney in the gas boiler should be larger than the diameter of the chimney of the boiler itself and depends on its capacity. You can use the following proportions:
- with a boiler power of 24 kW - a diameter of 120 mm;
- at 30 kW - 130 mm;
- at 40 kW - 170 mm;
- at 55 kW - 190 mm;
- at 80 kW - 220 mm;
- at 100 kW - 230 mm.
Simple rules will help those who decide to equip the boiler room ventilation of their own private home with their own hands:
- the cross section of the chimney pipe is indicated in the boiler passport;
- the chimney is made of sheet metal (galvanized or stainless steel). The chimney has a circular cross section of the same diameter along the entire length and a revision window for cleaning;
- the chimney should have no more than three turns or bends.
Artificial ventilation of the boiler room
If the natural ventilation system in the gas boiler house of a private house cannot be equipped, resort to mechanical traction.
Artificial ventilation works at the expense of fans. Typically used duct fans, which are selected depending on the cross section of the ventilation ducts.
When calculating the ventilation in a boiler room with an outdoor gas boiler, the fan power is selected from 20 - 30% of the reserve at the highest load. Power also depends on the number of bends of the duct, its cross section and length.
The simplest method for calculating with your own hands the ventilation of a boiler house in a private house:
(W * H * D) * 3 = air volume that needs to be replaced in one hour, here:
W - the width of the room,AT - ceiling height,D - the length of the room.
By equipping the ventilation in the boiler room of a private house with your own hands, you can save. To do this, the fan is installed only on the inflow or blowing. But the most reliable way is the complete mechanization of air exchange.
Experts recommend using fans in copper or aluminum gas-fired boilers in copper or aluminum cases that are resistant to melting and fire.
Increases the efficiency and economy of ventilation due to the automatic control system. Automation starts the fans at the same time as the boiler starts. And when the furnace does not work and there is nothing to pull out - the fans stop.
In some cases, the ventilation of the boiler house of a private house is arranged together with air conditioning, while at the same time ensuring a comfortable air temperature.
The video will help to correctly calculate the ventilation of a gas boiler room:
