Ventilation doors are needed to control the flow of incoming or outgoing air. So, doors are widely used in mines, on passenger aircraft, at industrial enterprises. In residential and industrial construction, ventilation grilles or openings are analogous to ventilation doors.
Mining ventilation doors
In mines, ventilation doors are part of the air exchange lintel. It serves to isolate the air stream in artificial cavities of the earth formed in the process of work (workings). To minimize air leakage, two or more ventilation doors are installed in the mines in a row, which form the ventilation lock.
Doors are mounted in lintels made of concrete, stone or wood. In order for the shutters to close independently, the frame is located at a slope of 80 degrees or is equipped with springs, balances. If there is heavy traffic in the mine, the mine ventilation doors open automatically.
The movement of air between the openings is regulated by means of windows and dampers on the ventilation shaft doors. Doors can be double or single wing. They are made of metal or wood. The thickness of the board for wooden doors is 40 mm or two layers of 20 mm. The thickness of sheet steel for metal doors is 3 to 4 millimeters. Metal is welded onto a frame from a strip or corner.
Aircraft ventilation doors
In passenger aircraft, ventilation doors are used to equalize the pressure in the aircraft and overboard during landing. The problem of operating ventilation doors in airplanes is icing, which often happens when there is a strong temperature difference inside the aircraft and outside. Sometimes ice appears around the perimeter of the door, which makes it difficult to open. The door ventilation system helps to avoid icing.
Doors for ventilation chambers
Doors of a special design are installed in ventilation chambers, ducts and central air conditioners. They are produced in accordance with TU and must have a certificate of conformity. Doors for ventilation chambers can be:
- insulated DUS (insulation - thin fiberglass);
- not insulated DS.
The difference between the doors for ventilation chambers in tight closing.
Sealed doors for ventilation chambers are a metal door leaf and a metal frame. Of course, sealed metal doors are not equipped with ventilation grilles. The canvas rotates freely on hinges. If the door is without insulation, the door leaf is single. The insulated door consists of two sheets of metal with a heater between them.
The door frame is welded to specially designed reinforcement for the opening. If the reinforcement is not laid in advance, it must be hammered into the drilled holes. Can be welded to the metal edging of the opening.
The door to the wing mount closes.
Installation restriction: fire hazardous premises of categories A and B. Do not confuse hermetic doors with fire doors. They are not supplied with a fire safety certificate; the fire resistance limit is not determined for them.
Fire doors with ventilation grill
The purpose of fire doors is to prevent the entry of fire and smoke from or into the room.The main characteristic of fire doors is the fire resistance limit. This is the time that the door confronts fire. It is 15 - 120 minutes and is indicated in the certificate of conformity. Fireproof doors can be single or double. In their production, technical standards are carefully observed. Fire doors with a ventilation grill are made of sheet steel or wood. Wooden doors are equipped with a special sealant that holds smoke or fire. During heating, the sealant melts and fills all the cracks. Outside, the door is no different from the usual. Boxes are made of solid wood. The steel or aluminum fire door with a ventilation grill is a double fold with a fireproof sealing layer. Mineral wool boards are usually used as an insulating layer.
Fire doors with ventilation are equipped with a grill for air to pass through the bottom of the door.
There are metal doors with a ventilation grill and glazing. Glass is used heat-resistant, not cracking from high temperature.
Along the perimeter, fire doors made of metal with a ventilation grill are glued with a sealing tape made of fire-resistant heat-expanding material that prevents the spread of smoke. Video on how to test the fire resistance of a door:
Special locks for fire doors are used, they provide a snug fit between the door and the frame and are equipped with the Anti-Panic system. This means that on the one hand the door is opened by pressing the handle so that people can freely leave the burning room, on the other hand, only with the key.
Interior door with ventilation grill
You can make a ventilation door out of an ordinary door with your own hands and this is not difficult at all.
Very in need of vents in the bathroom door. The room has high humidity and no windows, and a snug fit to the door frame eliminates the movement of air. Moisture settles on the walls, creating excellent conditions for the growth of microbes and mold. In most cases, a door with ventilation improves air exchange and reduces humidity in the room.
Ventilation holes are made at the bottom of the door. Their total area should be 200 square meters. cm for the door to the bathroom or kitchen and 80 square meters. cm for interior doors.
Progress:
- At the bottom of the door leaf, markings are made;
- Drills with a special nozzle make holes corresponding to the diameter of the ventilation rings;
- Rings are installed.
Rings are sold in various colors, they are very easy to install and give the doors with ventilation holes a finished, neat look. There are rings with mesh and even with noise protection. Special material allows air to enter, but does not allow noise.
It is possible to equip the door with ventilation using a grill. The grill completely eliminates the possibility of peeping, since the horizontal bars are fixed at an angle. The ventilation grilles for the door are of various forms, with adjustable blinds, with noise protection and simple, without "bells and whistles". They are made of metal, plastic and even wood.
The most popular plastic grilles in various colors. They are very neat and do not spoil the look of the door at all.
The most difficult step in installing a ventilation grill on a door is to drill a hole. It must be made rectangular 1 mm larger than the inner surface of the grating. Further, both halves of the lattice are treated with glue or sealant and applied to the hole in the door. Grids are held by glue or self-tapping screws. Some models are equipped with a sleeve on which two parts of the grill are mounted.
And the easiest way to make the door with ventilation is to cut it from the bottom. It will not be possible to notice the undercut, but in order to be completely neat, an edge edging is used. So even under a tightly closed door there will remain a gap for air movement.
