To feel comfortable in a country house, you need to take care of the presence of water. To do this, people invest in well construction and pumping equipment, which plays an important role in solving the problem of water supply, especially since it is needed not only by residents, but also by the garden, flower beds and pets. One option is a surface pump, the principle of which is that only a hose or pipe is lowered into the well. The pump itself remains on the surface.
Scope and the device of the surface pump for giving and a garden
The scope of surface-type water pumps is wide - watering the garden, delivering water to consumption points in the house. The equipment is able to pump liquid from the basement after spring snow melt, as well as deliver water for irrigation from the nearest reservoir.
Different types of equipment are used for drinking and dirty liquids, so before buying, you need to know exactly what type of water the unit will work with, at what distance the water mirror is located, in order to correctly select the power and type of device. It will depend on how many years he will last and how often he will have to repair.
The device and working mechanisms of the surface pump:
- An electric motor is the main part of the unit. From its performance depends on how deep and how far the device can transport fluid. The engine is protected from the ingress of water and debris into the mechanism by a plastic or metal case.
- Impeller - a single-stage or multi-stage pump depends on the number of blades.
- Hoses - intake and transmission.
A variety of surface equipment is a pumping station. Such a unit is not suitable for operation at subzero temperatures, so it is installed in a warm room - a basement or a special room, which is located far from residential premises. Whatever model is purchased, the sound of a running engine is very loud.
The pumping station consists of the following nodes:
- engine;
- storage tank or accumulator;
- manometer - a device that controls the pressure in the system;
- a relay, which turns on the device, if water from the storage tank is gone and the pressure drops.
An average power device is able to fully provide a personal plot and a house with water for all needs, therefore it is worth taking a closer look at this type of surface equipment.
Varieties
Surface pumps are classified by suction type and method of operation. In everyday life, centrifugal and vortex aggregates are more often used.
Centrifugal or self-priming devices impeller mounted on a shaft with bearings. They are able to work at great depths, are not afraid of dirty water and temperature changes. Of the minuses - the pump does not start working if you do not pre-fill its body with water. When air enters, the engine stops. The device malfunctions in the conditions of power surges.
Vortex pumps are capable of creating high pressure thanks to a wheel with vanes that twist the fluid in a spiral inside the structure. These models are productive, not expensive, but have one significant drawback: if the liquid contains sand, the equipment will not last long.
Criterias of choice
If the pump is selected exclusively for watering the site and delivering water to the house, an average performance model is suitable.If you plan to organize autonomous heating in the house and put a washing machine, you need a higher efficiency. Experts advise buying equipment with a margin so that in the event of power surges or the installation of additional equipment, the device can work.
It is important to consider the distance from the well or well to the water intake point. Each meter of vertical liquid rise conditionally equals 10 meters of horizontal movement. Each atmosphere gives a head of 10 meters, if 3 atmospheres are installed on the pressure gauge, this means that the pump pushes water 30 meters. Thus, if the well is 6 meters deep and the distance to the nearest point is 30 meters, plus losses of about 10 meters, then 6 + 3 + 10 + 30 = 49 m - this should be the height of the water column. Better to take with a little more.
You can choose a surface water pump for a summer residence, which will be used only in the growing season of vegetables, from domestic models. For a private house where autonomous heating will be carried out and several points of water intake will work at once, it is recommended to buy powerful imported equipment.
Installation Steps
In the warmer months, the surface pump can be installed under a canopy near the well. In winter, this design will need to be disassembled and transferred to a warm room. It is desirable that there be ventilation in it, since condensation forms on the case, which over time can cause the formation of rust.
The equipment is placed in pits near the wells, but such a caisson must be laid out with brick and concreted. Above you need to make a clay roof so that rain does not fill the pit.
The process of installing a pump or station is quite simple:
- Put on the hoses and pipe, which will be lowered into the well. Put a filter on the end of the pipe and install a check valve.
- The suction end is lowered into the well or well.
- The pump housing is filled with water, then checked for air locks. When pouring, the equipment is tilted in different directions so that the liquid is evenly distributed and displaces the air.
- Connect the unit to the feed pipe and plug it into the network.
All joints must be well sealed so that equipment does not waste energy.
Review of the best models
Of domestic models, customer confidence has earned the pumps of the Vikhr, Gileks, and Caliber brands. They are quite suitable for seasonal work on a summer cottage. If you choose a unit with higher performance, you can organize the delivery of water to the house.
The ranking of the best surface garden pumps is led by German and Italian manufacturers: Grundfos, Einhel, Quattro Elementi, Pedrollo. Such models can be used not only for watering the site, but also for pumping water into the pool, cleaning basements during flooding.
3-4 years ago, the Chinese company Neo Klima appeared on the market, in the assortment of which almost all household appliances, including pumping equipment, were in the assortment. Pumps are not cheap, because they are made of quality materials.
The most positive feedback is given to equipment manufactured in Germany, Italy, Denmark and Belgium. He has a working resource of up to 15 years without repair. Sometimes such models do not suit the owners. The reason is that during the purchase, the goals of the pump were not correctly determined, and the power was incorrectly calculated. As a result, the units had to be replaced with more efficient ones or a different principle of operation of the device was chosen.
Good reviews of surface self-priming pumps for gardening have earned Russian-made models that seek to conquer the market, so they use the latest technology and quality parts.
