There are frequent cases when, when drilling a well, specialists fall on a formation with a huge flow rate (productivity). In this case, one has to either stop the self-discharge from the well by tamping and proceed with the search for a less dynamic horizon, or equip the hydraulic structure in a special way. But such a source delivers certain problems with both options.
What is self-flowing wells
A self-flowing well is called a peculiar anomalous phenomenon, in which the water resource under high pressure rises and pours out even without the use of pumping equipment. Often, the liquid itself reaches the surface of the earth, making it difficult to equip the well. Reasons for a well spill:
- Drilling directly at the foot of the ridge. It is here that the powerful pressure horizons are located.
- A hit in a reservoir that does not have alternative outputs of the resource (natural keys, geysers, etc.).
Sometimes self-flowing a well can be a mistake made by specialists when installing a casing. The fluid will gush out of the annulus. In this case, it is necessary to immediately file complaints with the drillers and demand the elimination of the shortcomings.
Advantages and disadvantages of a self-pouring source
If a hydraulic structure arbitrarily supplies a resource under high pressure, the following positive aspects can be found in this:
- No need to purchase an expensive deep-well pump and its component equipment:
- constant high flow rate of the well: you can not think about the productivity of the source and consume as much water as you want for irrigation, domestic needs, filling the pool, etc .;
- the opportunity to earn extra money on excess artesian water, offering it to neighbors.
However, the self-flowing source has a number of minuses. These include:
- technical difficulties during drilling;
- difficulties in arranging the casing, head and caisson;
- freezing of the upper part of the well in winter and the need for additional insulation, which entails additional costs;
- the risk of rupture of the casing during its freezing, which will entail additional costs for repairs.
Despite all the shortcomings, more often the masters resort precisely to the further arrangement of the source, and do not decide to shut off the self-flowing well.
Source arrangement
When it enters a self-flowing well, it is rarely decided to plug (plug) the hydraulic structure by pouring large volumes of concrete mortar mixed with Portland cement into it, since there will be additional costs for drilling and installing another mine. Moreover, such elimination is possible only with a low excess pressure. If it is excessively high, self-discharge cannot be stopped in this way. Then the water can find a different outlet on the site. It is more expedient to act with a self-flowing source in this way:
- equip a special caisson;
- make the lateral drainage channel below the level of freezing of the soil;
- increase the casing string by several meters.
In the first case, you will have to dig a hole in the pipe two meters deep for the caisson. Under it, pouring a concrete base is mandatory. It will play the role of additional protection against freezing of the column.The walls of the caisson are polymer or reinforced concrete rings, necessarily insulated from the outside. The top of the barrel should be drowned out with a specially mounted tip tightly. In the caisson, they make a tap from the casing to the side, below the level of freezing of the soil. From this place you can pull the traditional water supply to the house, bathhouse, pool, etc.
It is important to make an additional tap with a valve for a specific well pressure. From it you need to pull a flexible hose directed into the nearest body of water. If this is not done, the excess voltage in the system will make the water sooner or later find another outlet under the base of the house, around the casing, etc. If there is no natural reservoir nearby, it is advisable to equip an artificial drainage zone.
If the decision is made in favor of increasing the height of the casing string, more often an additional 2-3 meters is enough to pacify the underground self-flow. From here carry out the standard layout of the water supply. It is important to take care of high-quality insulation of all the upper elements of the hydraulic structure.
Another option for a self-flowing well device is the installation of a special plug, which is placed in the pipe below the level of freezing of the soil. The remaining water is pumped out. Further, you can use a source with a lateral outlet as a standard water supply system. But there is also a need for back-up fluid drainage to reduce system pressure.
Before eliminating excessive water flow in the well, it is better to consult with specialists. With illiterate actions, the source will continue to self-drain fluid outward, swamping the area.
