Building rules and norms for an external water supply system govern the installation and operation of water pipes that supply water to residential buildings and industrial facilities. The SNiP also indicates the design characteristics of components for assembling such networks.
Updated edition of SNiP 2. 04. 02–84 as amended
The rules are relevant for all types of outdoor water supply networks. They are formed on the basis of GOST 25151 82, which defines the requirements for water supply, basic terms and definitions.
SNiP under the term "external water supply" means highways passing outside the buildings.
First of all, the set of regulatory documents denotes the requirements for the quality of the incoming fluid:
- Water supplied from the central water supply network and allowing to ensure household activities, as well as used for drinking, must meet the quality standards that are regulated by GOST and SanPiN.
- Determining the quality of the liquid for the needs of industrial premises depends on the technological standards of the enterprise.
- If it is planned to use water for irrigation of green spaces, it must meet sanitary and agrarian-technical standards.
The standards list the types of pipes that are allowed to be used for the assembly of external water supply systems. Their list is quite large. In practice, polyethylene pipes are mainly used to conduct external cold water supply lines. They combine such qualities as a long service life, low hydraulic resistance, resistance to clogging by deposits and flexibility, which allows the main water supply to withstand subsidence and movement of the soil.
The procedure for calculating the daily use of water by one tenant for houses of various types is also prescribed:
- with a domestic cold water pipeline and without bathtubs - 125–160 liters;
- with autonomous water-heating appliances and bathtubs - 160–230 liters;
- with bathtubs and a central hot water system - 220–280 liters.
The pressure at the entrance to a one-story house should be at least 10 meters. For each subsequent floor of the building, you need to increase the indicator by 4 meters. The temperature range in the DHW network should be 60–75 degrees, regardless of the type of water supply system.
The temperature regime for rooms in which the cold water supply is bred is at least two degrees of heat. In rooms without heating, thermal accompaniment and thermal insulation are used, or a special heating cable is used.
An air vent is installed at the upper point of the jumper between the risers of the DHW circulation system. At the lower points of all risers, installation of valves for discharge, plugs or valves is required.
When hot and cold water pipelines are brought into a house or apartment, non-return valves are mounted on the metering units for its consumption. They prevent the counter from moving in the opposite direction. Without them, in order to reel readings, it is possible to apply the difference in pressures on the hot water supply and hot water supply.
The requirements for the construction of wells and wells, the minimum distances to the main sewage networks and other communications, the features of the joint household and fire water supply are also signed in the normative act.
SP 31. 13330. 2012 - the current version of SNiP 2.04.02–84 carries certain changes. They update the previous set of standards.
New moments
The general rules have been amended. They concerned, in particular, the use of water pipes from various materials:
- Siphon and gravity-type conduits are made of durable steel or cast-iron pipes, but plastic and reinforced concrete pipelines are allowed.
- All highways, except those made of reinforced concrete, are tested for ascent.
- Metal pipelines are equipped with anti-corrosion insulation. Made of steel - cathodic or tread protection.
In addition, it is indicated that conduits from glass composite pipes with threaded joints, as well as blocking joints of the coupling and socket type do not need to install concrete stops.
Accurate test pressure data are provided. For simple cast iron pipes, its coefficient with respect to the internal design pressure is 1.5, for steel and high-strength cast iron pipes - 1.25, for polymer systems - 1.3.
Also, new chapters describe the requirements for the installation of expansion joints, which will protect the joints of the branches from destruction, and the types of soils for the proper laying of highways.
Normative references
A normative act is based on legislative acts and standards given in other documents. The most significant of them are:
- SP 30.13330.2012 based on SNiPa 2.04.01-85. Internal water supply and sewerage of buildings.
- SP 42.13330.2011 based on SNiPa 2.07.01-89. Urban planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements.
- GOST 25151-82. Water supply. Terms and Definitions.
- GOST 2761-84. Sources of centralized drinking water supply. Hygienic, technical requirements and selection rules.
- SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01. Drinking water. Hygienic requirements for water quality of centralized drinking water supply systems. Quality control.
- SanPiN 2.1.4.1110-02. Sanitary protection zones of water supply sources and drinking water supply systems.
However, the list is much wider. It includes regulatory documents governing fire protection, construction of buildings, loads on hydraulic structures, state standards for various pipelines and sanitary requirements for water extracted from various sources.
Responsibility for non-compliance with rules and regulations
When arranging a water supply network, it is necessary to take into account all the nuances of local legislation, and not just SNiP. Sometimes it is not possible to comply with the requirements, and not always accepted documentation is based on the norms of the joint venture.
In certain cases, it is allowed to make changes to the design of the water supply scheme, but in accordance with the standards and regional specifics. To avoid disagreements leading to accountability for violation of Construction Norms and Regulations, it is worth coordinating the water supply project in advance.
A thorough study of the standards and the terrain before starting any work will prevent the payment of large fines for any, even careless, damage.
Penalties for legal entities that gave orders to carry out work that entailed breakdowns of communication networks of varying severity are quite large - about 30,000 rubles. For officials, the amount of the fine is about 3,000, and for individuals it will be approximately 1,500 rubles.
Violation of the standards for the arrangement of the water supply system, which led to serious consequences, could result in criminal liability.
Following the rules and obtaining a copy of the layout of all engineering networks will help to avoid punishment in the future.
