The water supply in the apartment may be in disrepair due to operation for several decades or be technically obsolete. In this case, the water supply system of the apartment requires major repairs of varying complexity. It is recommended that before laying and repairing the systems draw up a plan of future actions - the project. Apartments in a new building are also sold without installed water supply, heating and sewage systems, when the developer works on individual projects in each individual residential building.
Why water supply design
Sometimes the water distribution in the apartment is performed independently, without preliminary calculations and drawings. However, this option leads to cost overruns, the use of much larger areas for the installation of all elements and problems in the operation of plumbing and other equipment. Installation errors in the future require a partial or complete restructuring of communications.
A well-thought-out project will help determine the type of water supply system, the layout of communications. A detailed drawing allows you to calculate the exact number and cost of consumables. In advance, the selection of the necessary tools, the preparation of rooms and individual walls, the features and basic rules of the assembly process are studied.
Depending on the material of the production of water pipes, there is a selection of specialists for their installation. When installing the elements of the water supply system inside the wall, more skill and quality of installation work is required.
If the elements are incorrectly located, connected or connected, there may be malfunctions and accidents in the operation of the entire system in the short and long-term periods of operation. Troubleshooting will lead to additional costs for plumbing and materials, as well as for decorating the walls of the room and its possible redevelopment.
What to consider when designing a project
The content of the design of the water supply system is not the same for two similar apartments. This is due to a mismatch in the number of plumbing and household appliances, their installation locations and operating conditions. When designing the wiring, the layout of the corresponding premises, the condition and purpose of the walls of the house, the restrictions on the area of structures made of pipes and other elements, the number of users and the approximate volume of water consumption per day are taken into account.
Each project is unique, as it is developed specifically for one residential building in order to ensure uninterrupted water supply. First of all, the customer must determine the approximate layout of the kitchen, bathroom, toilet rooms and other rooms with access to water supply and sewage. Next, a water supply system scheme is selected, due to future operational loads, and the type of assembly: outside or inside the walls. Flush mounting in load-bearing walls is not performed.
There are three types of water distribution: tee (serial), collector (parallel connection of pipes coming from one node) and with bushing sockets. In standard apartments of a multi-storey building, the first two are most often used. The option of using collectors is the most preferred. It provides the same pressure throughout the water supply system and is suitable for serving large areas.When designing, the presence / absence of a gas column, boiler or storage tank for water in the apartment is taken into account.
Not the least role in the development of a detailed plan is played by the customer’s budget, which allows you to choose certain designs and materials. For example, a pipe made of metal or polypropylene is cheaper than metal and has a lower weight. At the same time, metal pipes practically do not deform under the influence of hot water and last longer.
Copper pipes have a guaranteed service life of more than 30 years in the temperature range from -100 to +250 C, are easy to install and maintain.
The metal-plastic pipeline is laid only outside the walls, since the threaded connections on it must be periodically tightened. Polypropylene pipes are great for flush mounting and making up any complex structures.
Final plan
The final project is a specific documentation, including:
- layout of plumbing and / or heating appliances;
- ways to connect them;
- features of laying branches of water supply and discharge;
- counting the number of components by items;
- rules and sequence of installation steps.
According to detailed drawings and diagrams, the approximate cost of materials and components is preliminarily calculated. In the future, this will help control their consumption by contractors. The ergonomics of access points to water are assessed and the complete environment of a particular room is planned. The presence of drawings and descriptions to them will eliminate misunderstanding between the owner of the apartment and hired plumbing workers, both in matters of remuneration of their labor and the compliance of the installed structures with the requirements.
If necessary, separate orders for the design of cold, hot water and sewage systems are carried out. Separate calculations of water treatment and purification systems, wiring diagrams, designs of other engineering systems in the apartment that require the installation of sanitary facilities are also offered.
Project cost
The price for the water supply and sewage project of the apartment is formed based on the following parameters:
- the area of the apartment and premises with a pipe and branch system;
- features of the layout of the apartment and the purpose of the walls (bearing or not);
- the presence or absence of centralized water supply and runoff;
- the number of plumbing devices, large household appliances using direct water supply;
- complexity and non-standard project;
- the presence / absence of filtration systems;
- selection of pumps if necessary;
- region of residence.
For standard residential premises of medium size (up to 100 m2), prices are fixed. On average, the project cost is 4,500-7,000 rubles with an area of 30-100 m2. The price rises with an increase in the area of premises and the non-standard design. Often, for small and very large apartments, price premiums apply. Many companies developing schemes and projects link the final cost only to the area.
Separate private and state design organizations include in the final cost the full coordination of design in the right instances, thereby making life easier for the customer. Also, often the assembly itself is ordered in the kit, performed by specialists of the same organization.
The term of readiness of project documentation directly depends on its content. The development of a standard document for apartments up to 200 m2 takes, on average, up to 5 working days. The non-standardity of the water supply system, the availability of numerous instruments and devices, large areas and the complex layout of the premises increase the preparation time.
