In order for the cottage on the out-of-town plot to be comfortable for living, it is important to draw water into the house from the well. It is more often used as an autonomous source in parallel with wells. Understanding the principles of completing the task, the master can do the work with his own hands, thereby saving the family budget.
Types of water supply for a private house from a well
You can draw a line to the cottage from the source in several ways:
- With the use of submersible pumping equipment having a float switch. The unit operates in an aquatic environment, at a depth of 9 meters or more. This type of water supply is suitable for very long source mines.
- Using a surface aggregate. The pump is installed in close proximity to the well, and its intake hose is lowered below the level of the water mirror. Surface devices are capable of pumping liquid from a level of up to 8-9 meters. When it is amplified by a remote ejector, this indicator can be increased to 12-15 m.
- By means of a pumping station. Thanks to this type of equipment, even pressure is constantly maintained in the system. When a power outage occurs, the family has a supply of water for 1-3 hours (depending on the volume of the tank). The system works on the principle of regular pumping of liquid into the storage membrane tank. The pump switches on when the pressure in the tank changes (outflow / inflow).
More often, masters prefer to use the water supply scheme in a country house from a well with a hydraulic accumulator.
How to choose a type of water supply
You can determine the specific type of water supply from the well by the following parameters:
- The level of the water mirror in the source. It determines the type of pump to be used. If the fluid from the surface of the earth is no more than 8 m, the best option is a surface pump or station. If the water level is deeper - it is better to give preference to submersible equipment.
- The amount of water consumed. According to SNiP per person per day, about 200 liters. If a family of 3-4 people lives in the house permanently, it is advisable to equip the pump with a membrane tank. Thus, it is possible to provide all the residents of the cottage with the necessary amount of resource. If two people are in the house and a lot of water is not needed, you can do without a hydraulic accumulator.
- The distance from the well to the most distant plumbing point in the house. The larger it is, the more powerful it is to take a pump.
- Seasonality of residence in the cottage. For summer cottages, you can safely lay pipes on top of the ground and equip the well with any kind of pump. For the winter, all this is removed, the system is preserved. If the family lives outside the city year-round, you need to organize a full-fledged in-depth (winter) highway with a caisson and insulation.
When selecting submersible discharge equipment, it is better to abandon the vibration pump. He during his chaotic movement in the mine is able to damage concrete rings or masonry bricks. It is better to give preference to centrifugal models.
Plumbing design
Before starting installation work, it is necessary to draw up a detailed drawing of the gasket-supply line and installation of all equipment points. In this case, the water supply scheme of a private house from a well with a submersible pump or with a surface can be made taking into account two types of pipe layout. They depend on the pressure in the system.There are such types of wiring:
- Sequential. It implies the laying of the main highway and pipes of a smaller section extending from it to each plumbing point. If you open several taps at the same time with such a wiring, water will be supplied with less pressure.
- Collector. Here, each plumbing point of the house pulls a separate pipe. All of them are laid in parallel before entering the cottage. There is already being done wiring at the location of the fence point. The pressure in the valves with this type of line installation is stable. To reduce the consumption of pipes of the outdoor part of the communication, a distribution manifold is installed in the house.
Collector piping is expensive, but is a more convenient option in terms of constant water supply.
Tools and materials
To perform installation work, it is necessary to purchase such consumables:
- Pump (submersible or surface) of the required capacity.
- Hydraulic accumulator with a capacity of 25 liters or more.
- Coarse and fine filters.
- Fittings for connecting the inlet and outlet hoses.
- Check valves.
- Stopcocks.
- The desired footage. For an external water supply, it is better to take tubes from the HDPE. In the house you can lay plastic elements (PVC or polypropylene).
- Heater for the external highway.
- Pressure gauge and pressure switch.
In order not to independently assemble all the equipment in a single unit, you can buy a ready-made pumping station.
From the tools you need to prepare:
- a shovel;
- plumbing tool;
- tamper;
- hacksaw;
- sealant;
- perforator with a crown for concrete;
- fittings for connecting internal pipes.
Work is best done in late summer or early fall.
Installation and connection steps
All work on the water supply to the house in the country, in the village, in the countryside, is carried out in stages.
Earthwork
At this stage, a digging of the trench from the source to the input of the highway into the house is carried out. It is important to lay pipes below the level of freezing. Therefore, a trench is dug with a depth of 1.5-1.8 m. If this cannot be done due to the complexity of the terrain, you will have to insulate the trunk. Dig a trench to the well itself. It is important here to dig the right amount of concrete rings inward to make a technical hole for the pipe outlet.
The bottom of the trench is well compacted and put a sand cushion in it. She is also carefully rammed.
If a caisson device is provided, a pit is dug under it in a trench section close to the well.
It remains to make a perforator with a crown a technical hole in the concrete ring.
Pipe laying
HDPE trunk is laid in prepared channels, pulling it to the house itself.
Entering the building is best done through the foundation. The place for laying the tube must be strengthened with a steel sleeve, the remaining gaps must be well sealed.
At the same stage, the caisson is mounted on the flooded concrete base. The protective chamber can be made of brick, concrete rings, monolithic pouring. But this is laborious work.
Experienced mothers prefer to put a plastic caisson. This is a ready-made tank with a top sunroof, in which you can enter and exit the highway from the sides.
Installation of pumping equipment
Mount the discharge unit. If it is a submersible pump, proceed as follows:
- A water supply hose of the required length is attached to the outlet pipe. He must accurately reach the well adapter from the bottom of the source (pump location).
- In parallel with the pipe, the unit cable and safety cable are pulled. The pump is carefully lowered into the well.
- The pipe is connected to the inside of the adapter. Then this part is carefully inserted into the technical hole of the concrete ring of the shaft and connected to the outer part of the adapter. All are well sealed.
- A hose is connected to the outside of the adapter, which fits into the accumulator in the caisson.The outlet hose from the tank is equipped with a check valve.
If the master uses a surface pump, the work is performed in the following sequence:
- The unit is installed in the caisson; its legs are securely fixed to the chamber floor.
- From the inlet of the pump with the help of a fitting, a section of the PND pipe is laid to the outer part of the adapter. Two elements are joined.
- Calculate the footage of the pipe from the inside of the adapter to the point of its maximum immersion. Cut off the element and join with the internal part of the adapter. It is then inserted into the technical hole of the concrete ring and firmly connected to the outer part. The end of the intake pipe located in the water is equipped with a coarse filter.
- From the outlet of the installed pump pull a piece of hose to the accumulator. On this segment one check valve is mounted. The second - put on a water supply pipe in the mine source. The third - after the accumulator.
All joints and joints are well coated with silicone sealant.
Adjustment of pumping equipment
The surface pump and accumulator must not be connected dry. Therefore, initially, through special technical holes, water is poured into them.
At the first start-up of the station, it is necessary to adjust the optimal pressure values. The minimum normal is 1.5 atm. Upper - 3.5 atm. With these parameters, the pump will turn on and off independently.
Debugging pressure boundaries is performed using special handles. The course of their movement is shown by arrows.
Perfectly tuned station supplies / pumps water uninterruptedly.
backfilling
If all sections of the pipeline are assembled correctly, docked tightly, the trunking system does not leak, you can backfill the line and the caisson. It is desirable to protect the pipes with polystyrene foam cylinders against freezing and mechanical impact of the soil.
Backfill of the highway is performed without compaction of the soil. The soil around the caisson and the rings of the mine must be rammed in layers. Professionals recommend sprinkling the tanks with cement-sand mixture. So the caisson and the rings of the shaft will stand still.
Advantages and disadvantages of well water supply
The main advantages of bringing water from a well include:
- The ability to make a simple rural water supply without the use of complex equipment.
- Relative ease of installation of the highway.
- Lower costs for the installation of the line in comparison with the installation of borehole water supply.
- There is no need to obtain a license for the source in order to further lead from it the highway to the house.
- The life of the well is about 15-20 years.
Of the minuses of such a water supply device, there are:
- Lack of pressure in the absence of a hydraulic accumulator.
- Possibility of small debris entering the shaft of the well, clogging of the pump.
- The risk of the unit running idle with a sharp drop in the water mirror. Especially in the hot seasons.
Each master independently weighs the pros and cons of a well water supply for himself, depending on the technical parameters of the source.
If we consider the cost of bringing water into the house from the well from the contractor, the master will have to pay about 70-95 thousand rubles. When laying and installing the highway with your own hands, the costs are equal to 45-60 thousand rubles. The most expensive piece of equipment is a pump and a hydraulic accumulator for it. The final cost will depend on the price of the selected models and the required footage.
