The arrangement of the suburban area provides for the creation of a water supply system, which is represented by a combination of various equipment. To create pressure in the system, a pump station is installed. It is characterized by a large number of different characteristics. A correctly selected pumping station for a private house can last for several decades with timely maintenance.
The best option for a water pump
A properly created created system is able to fully provide a residential building, the entire territory and the garden with the required amount of water. Uninterrupted supply is ensured by careful consideration of the process, which involves the selection of the most suitable device. For water supply, one of three generally accepted methods can be used:
- Installation of pumping equipment for direct supply of liquid to the consumer.
- A tank is installed for the accumulation and temporary storage of water.
- The use of a special accumulator.
Most often, there is a connection scheme that provides for the installation of only one pump, since it is easy to implement and costs much cheaper than others.
When choosing a water pump, technical characteristics are studied, the need for a constant supply of a power source is taken into account. This is due to the points below:
- Frequent activation of the pump can lead to a significant reduction in its service life. This is due to the fact that the starting current is much higher than the working current, at the beginning of work the device is subjected to a high load.
- The pump is automatically switched on during operation due to various sensors. If voltage is not continuously applied, pressure may drop in the system.
- The water system of summer cottages is created without the use of additional equipment. For the winter period, the water supply system can be completely dismantled, so light and mobile models are chosen.
A system with a storage tank is more complex in design. The tank is installed on the upper part of the structure, due to which the required pressure is naturally ensured. The advantage of a household system of this type can be called the fact that with a temporary loss of electricity in the water supply system, the required pressure will be maintained.
The disadvantages of the option with a water element can be called:
- The main condition is the presence of an attic. Therefore, not all cottages are suitable for the installation of this system.
- A large capacity is required, which, when fully filled, will exert an additional load on the supporting elements.
- To reduce the likelihood of flooding of the structure, high-quality waterproofing is carried out.
- A powerful system is created by installing a second pump. This significantly increases costs and makes it more complex, which reduces reliability.
- Automatic water supply is ensured by the installation of a hydraulic accumulator. It is selected for structures in which they live throughout the year.
The principle of the pump station
A water pumping station can be purchased ready-made or assembled independently from several components. Classic water supply is represented by a combination of the following elements:
- Storage tank.
- Pump.
- Pressure control relay.
- Control unit.
Experts recommend purchasing ready-made systems that are suitable for installation in a suburban area. The main types of pumping equipment are as follows:
- Submersible.It is installed in the well, hidden under the water column. The version with a filter and a non-return valve is more practical in use, since it reduces the likelihood of impurities entering the water and pressure drops due to back current.
- Superficial. Such pumps are installed in a special room or on the ground near the well, they are easier to install.
The rating of the pumps allows you to choose the most suitable model for specific operating conditions.
The principle of the system is quite simple. If you correctly calculate and select the equipment, then an uninterrupted supply of water is carried out as follows:
- If the pressure drops at the time the consumer is used, the pressure drops and the relay switches on the pump.
- Water rises from the well. Pressure can be controlled by a pressure gauge.
- At the time of closing the tap or turning off the water consumer, the pressure increases, the relay is activated and the pumping equipment is turned off.
If a filling tank is used, the pump does not turn on for the first time after turning on the consumers. This reduces the number of on and off cycles, which will increase the operational life of the water supply system.
Model selection for specific characteristics
There are a wide variety of pumping equipment options on the market. Some are highly reliable, others are silent. Highlight a large number of selection criteria that must be considered.
Rules for calculating performance
The most important indicator can be called performance. Its calculation is carried out taking into account the following parameters:
- The rate at which the amount of water is restored.
- Active mode of the system.
The maximum capacity is considered to be 800-1000 l / h. However, not every well is capable of restoring the amount of water at a similar rate.
Maximum depth of water intake
A small well is easy to create, but it does not provide the required head in the system. When choosing pumping equipment, the maximum depth of the fence should be considered. It is determined by measuring the well.
It is possible to measure a well by lowering the string with a load at the end. Experts recommend adding another 15% to the result when measuring.
Accumulator tank volume
The storage tank can have a variety of volumes. With the increase of this indicator, the equipment takes up a lot of space, and also exerts strong pressure on the base. Recommendations for choice include the following:
- For one tenant, a capacity of up to 30 liters is enough. A small tank capacity is selected when water is rarely required.
- A 50-liter tank is purchased and installed when the system is created in a house designed for a small family.
- An option with a volume of 100 liters is required in case of frequent use of water consumers.
In the manufacture of the tank can be used in various sizes, most often plastic and stainless steel.
Water pressure in the water supply system
The functionality of the water supply system is provided only if the required water pressure is observed at each point of consumption. Moreover, each type of equipment has its own indicator.
The value of the generated head is indicated in the instruction manual. The maximum figure is 40-50 meters. They can be installed on a suburban area or in industrial premises.
Unit power and supply voltage
Such indicators are taken into account when considering how the equipment will be connected to the power system. The standard voltage is 220V, most of the models are powered by a similar power supply network.
High-performance and functional station can operate at a voltage of 380V. A similar power supply network in suburban areas is rare.
Design and functional features
Pumping equipment can differ significantly in functionality, size and appearance. When choosing, the following points should be considered:
- The pressure switch is connected using a flexible hose or directly to the housing. At the same time, performance and other properties remain unchanged.
- Pumps may vary in design. More often self-priming models are installed that are designed to supply water with light impurities. This design creates a loud noise.
- Some models are equipped with an ejector. This element increases the depth of absorption, but significantly reduces the efficiency index and causes an increase in noise level.
- Multistable structures are quiet, but can work with a well depth of up to 10 meters. They are much more expensive than other versions, but are characterized by increased efficiency. Quiet operation allows installation in close proximity to a residential building.
- Vortex pumps are suitable for suburban areas that have a well with a depth of 6-7 meters. This design is low noise, creates high pressure and is economical.
When choosing equipment, brand popularity is also taken into account. Only large companies produce products that have a long service life.
A brief overview of popular models
When choosing, be sure to pay attention to the manufacturer, since the popularity of the brand largely determines the reliability of the product. Almost all companies specializing in the production of the equipment in question provide a range of different models to choose from. All models that are popular in the CIS countries are adapted for use in harsh climatic conditions. The most commonly installed models are:
Caliber SDV-850P. The device is suitable for raising water from a depth of not more than 8 meters. The volume of the tank is 20 liters, the power is 850 watts. The performance rate is 60 l / min. In the manufacture of the case, plastic is used that does not respond to environmental influences.
Patriot R 1200/24 INOX. The main part of the structure is made of stainless steel. Productivity is 63 l / min, the tank volume is 24 liters. The unit can be operated outdoors even with high humidity due to high-quality insulation of the electrical part.
The offer of foreign manufacturers is much more expensive. Therefore, many pay attention to domestic brands.
